okay, first let me get some tihngs straight:
first, logistics is the name usually given to the number of slots on a planet you can use to support factories, trade ports, refineries, labs etc.
Basic Officer Training... if im not mistaken, is the name for the first level of capital crew training. you need that to build capital ships (assuming you have enough fleet supply) you can build a max of 16 capital ships
Fleet supply is the amount of points you have to support the ships in you fleet. capital ships cost 50 points, so make sure you have a capital ship crew available and 50 fleet supply points to build the ship. normal frigates and cruisers only require the initial research to unlock them, then enough resources and fleet supply to build them
one thing to watch out for is when you research more fleet supply, it increases the tax on your gross income from your empire. it starts out at like 9% i think, then maxes out at like 67% (i believe, bit of a mental blank atm) so dont go researching more fleet supply until you really need it
so, to research extra fleet supply/cap ship crews etc, you need to:
build either one civilian or military lab, go to the research tab at the top of the screen, go to the fleet logistics tab second from the bottom on the left hand side
there will be two 'panels' above each other. the top one is capitals ship crew research, and the bottom one is fleet supply research.
depending on if you want another cap or not, click the top button (if you mouse over the button it will say its called basic officer training) which will give you another capital ship crew, then click the button on the bottom, which will give you enough fleet supply to build a capital ship plus a bunch more frigates/cruisers
make sure you have enough resources
dont want to sound like an ass, but did you read the manual or play the tutorials? its all in there and you arent the first person to have trouble with this...
if you still have trouble post here again, but you should be set. if you are really stuck though, go back and play the tutorials again, it will give you all you need to know
good luck